Indicative
Direct
Indirection
None of these
Answer is Right!
Answer is Wrong!
The correct answer is: Direct.
A signal passed at danger (SPAD) is a railway safety term used to describe the act of passing a signal that is showing a red or cautionary aspect. SPADs are treated as direct accidents because they are caused by the actions of the train driver.
There are a number of factors that can contribute to SPADs, including:
- Driver error: This is the most common cause of SPADs. Drivers may fail to see the signal, or they may misinterpret the signal’s aspect.
- Equipment failure: Signalling equipment can fail, which can lead to SPADs.
- Track conditions: Poor track conditions can make it difficult for drivers to see signals.
- Human factors: Fatigue, stress, and other human factors can contribute to SPADs.
SPADs can have serious consequences, including derailments, collisions, and fatalities. To prevent SPADs, railway companies have implemented a number of safety measures, including:
- Improved signalling systems: Modern signalling systems are designed to be more reliable and easier to see.
- Driver training: Drivers are trained to recognize and respond to signals.
- Track inspections: Tracks are inspected regularly to identify and repair any defects.
- Human factors training: Drivers are trained to recognize and manage fatigue and stress.
SPADs are a serious safety issue, but they can be prevented through a combination of technology, training, and human factors.
The other options are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the nature of SPADs.
- Indicative: This option suggests that SPADs are caused by external factors, such as poor track conditions. However, SPADs are most commonly caused by driver error.
- Indirection: This option suggests that SPADs are not serious accidents. However, SPADs can have serious consequences, including derailments, collisions, and fatalities.
- None of these: This option is incorrect because it does not accurately describe the nature of SPADs.