Select the incorrect statement. Effective angle of shearing resistance A. increases as the size of particles increases B. increases as the soil gradation im-proves C. is limited to a maximum value of 45° D. is rarely more than 30° for fine grained soil

increases as the size of particles increases
increases as the soil gradation im-proves
is limited to a maximum value of 45°
is rarely more than 30° for fine grained soil

The correct answer is D.

The effective angle of shearing resistance is the angle between the major principal stress and the failure plane in a soil. It is a measure of the soil’s resistance to shearing stress.

The effective angle of shearing resistance increases as the size of particles increases because larger particles have more surface area, which allows them to interlock more effectively. This makes it more difficult to shear the soil.

The effective angle of shearing resistance also increases as the soil gradation improves. This is because a well-graded soil has a range of particle sizes, which allows the particles to interlock more effectively.

The effective angle of shearing resistance is limited to a maximum value of 45° because the soil cannot shear at an angle greater than 45° to the major principal stress.

The effective angle of shearing resistance is rarely more than 30° for fine-grained soil because fine-grained soils have a low degree of cohesion, which makes them more susceptible to shearing.

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