The correct answer is (c).
Section 114-A was first introduced in the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 after widespread protest against the judgement in the Bachan Singh v. State of Uttar Pradesh case. In this case, the Supreme Court of India upheld the death penalty for Bachan Singh, who had been convicted of murder. The Court held that the death penalty was a “just and proper” punishment in this case, despite the fact that Bachan Singh had a history of mental illness and had been abused as a child.
The judgement in the Bachan Singh case sparked widespread protests and calls for the abolition of the death penalty in India. In response to these protests, the Indian government introduced Section 114-A into the Indian Evidence Act. Section 114-A states that “the court shall presume that the accused had the requisite knowledge or intention, if it is proved that he had the knowledge of the facts which would have made him aware of such knowledge or intention.” This provision was intended to make it more difficult for the prosecution to prove that the accused had the requisite knowledge or intention to commit the crime, and thus to make it more difficult for the prosecution to secure a conviction.
However, Section 114-A has been criticized by some legal experts who argue that it is too broad and that it can lead to wrongful convictions. These experts argue that the provision should be repealed or amended to make it more specific.
The other options are incorrect because they do not refer to cases that led to the introduction of Section 114-A into the Indian Evidence Act.