The correct answer is: a) Non-tax revenue.
Royalties are payments made by a miner to the government for the right to extract minerals from the ground. They are a form of non-tax revenue, which is revenue that is not collected through taxes. Other examples of non-tax revenue include fees, fines, and interest.
Grants from foreign governments are a form of foreign aid. They are usually given to developing countries to help them with economic development or to address specific needs, such as poverty reduction or disaster relief.
Corporate social responsibility funds are money that companies set aside to support social or environmental causes. They are often used to fund projects that benefit local communities or to offset the environmental impact of a company’s operations.
Borrowings from the public are a form of debt financing. They are when a government or company borrows money from individuals or institutions, such as banks. The money is usually used to finance capital projects, such as infrastructure or new businesses.
In the case of Meghalaya, royalties from mining activities are a source of non-tax revenue. This means that they are not collected through taxes, but rather through payments made by miners to the government. The government uses this revenue to fund a variety of programs and projects, such as education, healthcare, and infrastructure.