Rhizobium is a

biopesticide

biofertilizer

bioherbicide

mycoherbicide

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UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2024

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Rhizobium is a genus of bacteria known for forming a symbiotic relationship with the roots of leguminous plants. Within root nodules, these bacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) and convert it into a form usable by plants (ammonia/ammonium), thereby enriching the soil and providing essential nutrients for plant growth. This process makes Rhizobium a type of biofertilizer.

Rhizobium bacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen, acting as a natural fertilizer for plants, especially legumes.

Biofertilizers are substances containing living microorganisms which, when applied to seed, plant surfaces, or soil, colonize the rhizosphere or the interior of the plant and promote growth by increasing the supply or availability of primary nutrients to the host plant. Biopesticides, bioherbicides, and mycoherbicides are types of pesticides or herbicides derived from natural materials (e.g., bacteria, fungi, plants, minerals) used to control pests or weeds.

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