The correct answer is: a) Energy efficiency.
Energy efficiency is the reduction in the amount of energy needed to provide the same level of service. It can be achieved through a variety of means, such as using more efficient appliances, improving insulation, and driving more fuel-efficient vehicles.
Replacing traditional light bulbs with LEDs is an example of energy efficiency because LEDs use less energy than traditional light bulbs. LEDs also last longer than traditional light bulbs, so they require less frequent replacement. This can save money on energy costs and reduce the amount of waste produced.
Renewable energy development is the process of increasing the use of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power. Renewable energy sources are those that are naturally replenished and do not produce greenhouse gases.
Power sector reform is the process of restructuring the electricity industry to improve efficiency and reduce costs. Power sector reform can involve privatizing state-owned utilities, deregulating the electricity market, and introducing competition.
Load shedding is the practice of deliberately cutting off electricity to certain areas in order to prevent a system-wide blackout. Load shedding is usually done during periods of high demand or when there is a shortage of electricity.
I hope this helps!