Rate of evaporation increases with

an increase of surface area

an increase in humidity

a decrease in wind speed

a decrease of temperature

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CDS-2 – 2019

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The rate of evaporation increases with an increase of surface area (A). Evaporation occurs at the surface of a liquid, where molecules with sufficient kinetic energy escape into the gaseous phase. A larger surface area exposes more molecules to the air, thus increasing the rate of evaporation. An increase in humidity (B) decreases the rate of evaporation as the air is already saturated with water vapor. A decrease in wind speed (C) decreases the rate of evaporation, as wind helps remove the saturated layer of air above the liquid surface, allowing more evaporation. A decrease in temperature (D) decreases the kinetic energy of molecules, leading to a lower rate of evaporation.

Factors that increase the rate of evaporation include increased surface area, increased temperature, increased wind speed, and decreased humidity.

Evaporation is a cooling process because the molecules with the highest kinetic energy escape, leaving behind molecules with lower average kinetic energy, resulting in a decrease in temperature of the remaining liquid.

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