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Pure, demineralized water, free from all soluble mineral salts is obta

June 1, 2025 by rawan239

Pure, demineralized water, free from all soluble mineral salts is obtained by which of the following method?

Passing water through microfiltration membrane

Calgon’s method

Passing water through a cation exchange and an anion exchange resin bed

By boiling

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2023

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Pure, demineralized water, free from all soluble mineral salts, is obtained by passing water through a cation exchange and an anion exchange resin bed. This process removes dissolved ions (cations and anions) that constitute mineral salts.

Demineralization or deionization is the process of removing mineral salts from water. Ion exchange is a highly effective method for achieving this. Cation exchange resins replace positive ions (like Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺) with H⁺ ions, and anion exchange resins replace negative ions (like Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻, HCO₃⁻) with OH⁻ ions. The H⁺ and OH⁻ ions then combine to form water (H₂O).

Other options are not suitable for obtaining pure, demineralized water. Microfiltration removes suspended solids but not dissolved salts. Calgon’s method softens water by sequestering hardness ions but doesn’t remove all salts. Boiling removes temporary hardness and dissolved gases but leaves behind permanent hardness salts and other dissolved minerals. Distillation is another method to obtain pure water by separating it from dissolved substances through evaporation and condensation. Reverse osmosis can also produce demineralized water.

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