The correct answer is: a) Mahatma Gandhi.
Mahatma Gandhi was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule. He employed nonviolent civil disobedience as a means to achieve his goals. Gandhi’s methods were successful in achieving Indian independence in 1947.
Punjabis played a prominent role in the Non-Cooperation Movement, which was launched by Gandhi in 1920. The movement was a major turning point in the Indian independence struggle. It was the first time that a mass movement had been launched against British rule. The movement was successful in mobilizing millions of Indians and in bringing about a significant decline in British authority in India.
The other options are incorrect because:
- Subhas Chandra Bose was a Bengali nationalist who was a leader of the Indian National Congress. He was a prominent figure in the Indian independence movement and was the leader of the Indian National Army during World War II.
- Muhammad Ali Jinnah was a lawyer and politician who was the founder of Pakistan. He was a prominent figure in the Indian independence movement and was the leader of the All-India Muslim League.
- Bhagat Singh was a revolutionary who was a member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association. He was a prominent figure in the Indian independence movement and was executed by the British in 1931.