The correct answer is: d) All of the above.
Punjab is promoting cluster-based development to create specialized industrial zones, synergies between industries, and export competitiveness.
Specialized industrial zones are areas where a particular industry or group of industries are concentrated. This can help to attract investment, create jobs, and promote innovation.
Synergies between industries can occur when businesses in different industries work together to share resources, knowledge, and expertise. This can lead to increased efficiency, productivity, and innovation.
Export competitiveness is the ability of a country or region to produce goods and services that can be sold in international markets. Cluster-based development can help to improve export competitiveness by providing businesses with access to a skilled workforce, specialized infrastructure, and a supportive business environment.
In addition, cluster-based development can help to promote regional development by attracting investment and creating jobs in areas that may otherwise be struggling economically.