Publications like “Periyar’s Kudiyarasu” were instrumental in spreading:

The correct answer is: a) Rationalist and self-respect ideologies.

Periyar’s Kudiyarasu was a Tamil weekly magazine published by E. V. Ramasamy Naicker, popularly known as Periyar, from 1925 to 1957. The magazine was instrumental in spreading rationalist and self-respect ideologies, which were critical of caste, religion, and superstition. Periyar’s Kudiyarasu also advocated for women’s rights and social reform.

Option b)

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