Processes on the remote systems are identified by . . . . . . . .

host id
host name and identifier
identifier
process id

The correct answer is D. process id.

A process ID (PID) is a unique number assigned by the operating system to identify a process. It is used to reference the process in system calls and to keep track of the process’s state.

A host ID is a unique number assigned to a computer by the network. It is used to identify the computer on the network.

A host name is a human-readable name that is used to identify a computer on the network. It is not unique and can be changed.

An identifier is a general term for a unique name or number that is used to identify something. It can be used to identify a process, a file, a user, or anything else that needs to be uniquely identified.