The correct answer is (a). Poverty in India has been defined in terms of the standard of living of the people. This means that people are considered poor if they do not have access to basic necessities such as food, water, shelter, and clothing. They may also be poor if they do not have access to education, healthcare, and other essential services.
The other options are incorrect. (b) Income of the family is not a good measure of poverty because it does not take into account the number of people in the family. A family with a high income may still be poor if there are many people in the family. (c) Calorie intake is also not a good measure of poverty because it does not take into account the quality of food that people eat. People may eat a lot of calories but still be malnourished if they do not eat a balanced diet. (d) Number of members in a family is not a good measure of poverty because it does not take into account the income of the family. A family with many members may still be poor if they do not have a high income.