The correct answer is: All of the above.
Post-harvest losses are the losses that occur between the time of harvest and the time of consumption. They can occur due to a variety of factors, including pests, diseases, improper storage, and transportation. In Assam, post-harvest losses are estimated to be around 20-30%. This means that for every 100 kg of food that is harvested, 20-30 kg is lost before it can be consumed.
Post-harvest losses have a number of negative consequences. They lead to food wastage, which is a major problem in a world where millions of people are hungry. They also lead to higher prices for consumers, as farmers need to charge more to cover their losses. And they reduce income for farmers, who are already struggling to make a living.
There are a number of things that can be done to reduce post-harvest losses. These include improving storage facilities, providing training to farmers on how to store and transport their crops, and using better harvesting techniques. By taking these steps, we can help to ensure that more food is available for everyone.
Here is a brief explanation of each option:
- Food wastage: Food wastage is the loss of food that could have been eaten. It occurs at all stages of the food supply chain, from production to processing to distribution to consumption. Food wastage is a major problem in the world, as it contributes to climate change, water pollution, and land degradation.
- Higher prices for consumers: When there are post-harvest losses, the price of food goes up. This is because farmers need to charge more to cover their losses. Higher prices for food can make it difficult for people to afford to eat, especially those who are already living in poverty.
- Reduced income for farmers: When there are post-harvest losses, farmers earn less money. This is because they are not able to sell as much of their produce. Reduced income for farmers can make it difficult for them to make a living, and it can also lead to poverty.