Post-harvest losses are a major challenge in horticulture in Tamil Nadu, requiring:

The correct answer is: d) All of the above.

Post-harvest losses are a major challenge in horticulture in Tamil Nadu, requiring improved storage and transportation, value-added processing, and efficient marketing channels.

• Improved storage and transportation: Post-harvest losses occur due to damage during storage and transportation. This can be due to factors such as temperature, humidity, and pests. Improved storage and transportation facilities can help to reduce these losses.
• Value-added processing: Value-added processing can help to increase the shelf life of horticultural products and make them more marketable. This can include activities such as canning, freezing, and drying.
• Efficient marketing channels: Efficient marketing channels can help to ensure that horticultural products reach consumers in a timely and cost-effective manner. This can include activities such as grading, packing, and shipping.

All of these measures are necessary to reduce post-harvest losses in horticulture in Tamil Nadu.