The correct answer is: B. Data have two parts-signal and noise
Data can be thought of as a combination of two parts: signal and noise. The signal is the part of the data that contains the information that we are interested in, while the noise is the part of the data that is random and does not contain any useful information.
The goal of a predictor is to find the signal in the data and to ignore the noise. This is often a difficult task, as the noise can be very large and the signal can be very weak. However, there are a number of techniques that can be used to help with this task, such as feature selection and dimensionality reduction.
In sample error is the error rate you get on the same dataset used to model a predictor. This is not a correct statement, as in sample error is not a measure of the predictor’s performance on new data. It is a measure of the predictor’s performance on the data that it was trained on.
None of the mentioned is also not a correct statement, as option B is the only correct statement.