The correct answer is: D. Longitudes west of Greenwich are taken as positive.
Latitudes are measured in degrees north or south of the equator, which is 0 degrees latitude. The North Pole is 90 degrees north latitude, and the South Pole is 90 degrees south latitude. Latitudes are always positive numbers.
Longitudes are measured in degrees east or west of the Prime Meridian, which passes through Greenwich, England. The Prime Meridian is 0 degrees longitude. The International Date Line is 180 degrees longitude. Longitudes east of the Prime Meridian are positive numbers, and longitudes west of the Prime Meridian are negative numbers.
Therefore, the statement “Longitudes west of Greenwich are taken as positive” is incorrect.