The correct answer is: a) Soil Erosion.
Overgrazing is the removal of too much vegetation from an area by grazing animals. This can lead to a number of problems, including soil erosion, loss of biodiversity, and decreased soil fertility.
Soil erosion is the process of soil being moved from one place to another by wind or water. Overgrazing can lead to soil erosion by removing the plants that hold the soil in place. This can cause the soil to be washed away by rain or blown away by wind.
Loss of biodiversity is the decrease in the variety of plants and animals in an area. Overgrazing can lead to loss of biodiversity by destroying the habitats of plants and animals. This can make it difficult for these plants and animals to survive.
Decreased soil fertility is the decrease in the ability of soil to support plant growth. Overgrazing can lead to decreased soil fertility by removing the plants that help to keep the soil healthy. This can make it difficult for plants to grow in the area.
In conclusion, overgrazing can lead to a number of problems, including soil erosion, loss of biodiversity, and decreased soil fertility. These problems can have a negative impact on the environment and the people who live in the area.
Here are some additional details about each of the options:
- Option b) Increased biodiversity: Overgrazing can lead to a decrease in biodiversity, not an increase. This is because overgrazing can destroy the habitats of plants and animals, making it difficult for them to survive.
- Option c) Improved soil fertility: Overgrazing can lead to a decrease in soil fertility, not an improvement. This is because overgrazing can remove the plants that help to keep the soil healthy.
- Option d) Increased fodder availability: Overgrazing can lead to a decrease in fodder availability, not an increase. This is because overgrazing can destroy the plants that animals eat.