Overexploitation of groundwater is a major concern in some parts of Tamil Nadu leading to:

The correct answer is: d) All of the above

Overexploitation of groundwater is a major concern in some parts of Tamil Nadu. It leads to a number of problems, including:

• Declining water tables: When groundwater is extracted faster than it can be replenished, the water table declines. This can lead to a number of problems, including:
  • Reduced water availability for drinking, irrigation, and other uses
  • Increased pumping costs
  • Increased risk of saltwater intrusion
• Saline intrusion: When groundwater is extracted, it can create a void that is filled with seawater. This is known as saltwater intrusion. Saltwater intrusion can contaminate freshwater aquifers and make them unusable for drinking, irrigation, and other purposes.
• Land subsidence: When groundwater is extracted, the land above the aquifer can subside. This can cause a number of problems, including:
  • Damage to buildings and infrastructure
  • Increased flooding risk
  • Changes in water quality

Overexploitation of groundwater is a serious problem that can have a number of negative consequences. It is important to manage groundwater resources sustainably to avoid these problems.