Out-migration from Sikkim, especially among the youth, can lead to:

Labor shortages
Loss of skilled workers
Reduced economic activity
All of the above

The correct answer is: d) All of the above

Out-migration from Sikkim, especially among the youth, can lead to:

  • Labor shortages. When people migrate out of a region, there are fewer people available to work in the local economy. This can lead to labor shortages, which can make it difficult for businesses to operate and can drive up wages.
  • Loss of skilled workers. Out-migration can also lead to the loss of skilled workers. When skilled workers leave a region, it can be difficult to replace them, which can hurt the local economy.
  • Reduced economic activity. Out-migration can also lead to reduced economic activity. When people leave a region, they are not spending money in the local economy. This can hurt businesses and lead to job losses.

In addition, out-migration can also lead to social and cultural problems. When people leave a region, they are often leaving behind their families and friends. This can lead to social isolation and loneliness. Out-migration can also lead to the loss of traditional culture and values.

Overall, out-migration can have a number of negative consequences for a region. It is important to consider these consequences when making decisions about migration policy.