Organisms of which of the following phylum are called sponges ?

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Organisms of which of the following phylum are called sponges ?

Coelenterata
Platyhelminthes
Porifera
Echinodermata
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-2 – 2024
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Organisms belonging to the phylum Porifera are commonly known as sponges. The name “Porifera” means “pore-bearers,” which describes the characteristic feature of sponges having a body permeated by pores.
Porifera are the simplest multicellular animals, typically sessile aquatic organisms. They lack true tissues and organs and filter feed water that passes through their porous bodies.
Coelenterata (now more commonly called Cnidaria) includes jellyfish, sea anemones, and corals, characterized by a radial symmetry and stinging cells (cnidocytes). Platyhelminthes are flatworms (e.g., tapeworms, flukes), known for their flattened body shape and bilateral symmetry. Echinodermata includes marine animals like starfish, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers, characterized by radial symmetry (often pentaradial) and a water vascular system.

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