The correct answer is: b) Non-communicable diseases (NCDs).
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are chronic diseases that are not passed from person to person. They include heart disease, stroke, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes. NCDs are the leading cause of death in the world, accounting for 71% of all deaths in 2016.
In Arunachal Pradesh, NCDs are also the leading cause of death. In 2016, NCDs accounted for 60% of all deaths in the state. The most common NCDs in Arunachal Pradesh are heart disease, stroke, cancer, and diabetes.
There are a number of factors that contribute to the high prevalence of NCDs in Arunachal Pradesh. These include:
- A rapidly aging population: The population of Arunachal Pradesh is aging rapidly. The proportion of people aged 60 and over is projected to increase from 10% in 2011 to 20% in 2031. This aging population is at increased risk of NCDs.
- Unhealthy lifestyles: Many people in Arunachal Pradesh have unhealthy lifestyles, including poor diet, physical inactivity, and tobacco use. These unhealthy lifestyles are major risk factors for NCDs.
- Limited access to healthcare: Many people in Arunachal Pradesh do not have access to quality healthcare. This lack of access can make it difficult to diagnose and treat NCDs.
The high prevalence of NCDs in Arunachal Pradesh is a major public health concern. NCDs are a major cause of death and disability, and they place a heavy burden on the healthcare system. There are a number of things that can be done to address the problem of NCDs in Arunachal Pradesh. These include:
- Promoting healthy lifestyles: The government and other stakeholders should promote healthy lifestyles, such as a healthy diet, physical activity, and tobacco cessation.
- Improving access to healthcare: The government should improve access to quality healthcare, including screening, diagnosis, and treatment of NCDs.
- Investing in research: The government should invest in research to better understand the causes and prevention of NCDs.
Addressing the problem of NCDs in Arunachal Pradesh will require a multi-pronged approach. The government and other stakeholders need to work together to promote healthy lifestyles, improve access to healthcare, and invest in research. By taking these steps, it is possible to reduce the burden of NCDs in the state.