The correct answer is: a) Overfishing.
Overfishing is the removal of a large percentage of fish from a population, which can lead to the collapse of the fishery. It is a major challenge to freshwater fishing in Punjab, as it has led to a decline in the number of fish species and the size of individual fish.
Water pollution is also a challenge to freshwater fishing in Punjab, as it can contaminate fish with harmful chemicals and make them unsafe to eat. However, overfishing is a more serious problem, as it can lead to the extinction of fish species.
Limited fish species is not a major challenge to freshwater fishing in Punjab, as there are a variety of fish species that can be caught in the state’s rivers and lakes. However, the number of fish species has declined in recent years due to overfishing.
Lack of infrastructure is not a major challenge to freshwater fishing in Punjab, as there are a number of fishing villages and towns in the state that provide access to fishing grounds. However, the lack of infrastructure can make it difficult to transport fish to markets, which can reduce the profitability of fishing.
In conclusion, overfishing is the most serious challenge to freshwater fishing in Punjab. It is important to take steps to reduce overfishing, such as implementing catch limits and protecting spawning grounds.