The official language of Goa is Konkani. It is a Dravidian language spoken by about 1.5 million people, mostly in the Indian state of Goa. Konkani is also spoken in parts of Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Kerala. The language is written in the Devanagari script.
Marathi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by about 83 million people, mostly in the Indian state of Maharashtra. Marathi is also spoken in parts of Karnataka, Goa, and Gujarat. The language is written in the Devanagari script.
Hindi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by about 534 million people, mostly in India. Hindi is also spoken in Nepal, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. The language is written in the Devanagari script.
English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now a global lingua franca. Named after the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes that migrated to England, it ultimately derives its name from the Anglia peninsula in the Baltic Sea. It is closely related to the Frisian languages, but its vocabulary has been significantly influenced by other Germanic languages, particularly Norse (a North Germanic language), as well as by Latin and French.
English has developed over the course of more than 1,400 years. The earliest forms of English, a group of West Germanic (Ingvaeonic) dialects brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the 5th century, are called Old English. Middle English began in the late 11th century with the Norman conquest of England; this was a period in which English was influenced by Old French, in particular through its Old Norman dialect. Early Modern English began in the late 15th century with the introduction of the printing press to London, the printing of the King James Bible and the start of the Great Vowel Shift.
Through the worldwide influence of the British Empire, modern English spread around the world from the 17th to mid-20th centuries. Through all types of printed and electronic media of these times, English became the leading language of international discourse and the lingua franca in many regions and professional contexts such as science, navigation and law. Modern English is the most widely learned second language and is either the official language or one of the official languages in almost 60 sovereign states. There are more people who have learned it as a second language than there are native speakers. It is the third most widely spoken native language in the world, after Standard Chinese and Spanish. It is the most widely spoken Germanic language, accounting for at least 70% of speakers of this Indo-European branch. English is the most widely spoken language in the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand and some Caribbean nations. It is the second most widely spoken official language in the European Union. English is also widely spoken in some areas of the Middle East and North Africa, as well as in some Asian countries such as India and Pakistan.