The correct answer is A. Gestalt.
Gestalt theory is a theory of mind that emphasizes the importance of holistic processing. Gestalt psychologists believe that the mind is not a passive receiver of information, but rather an active processor of information that seeks to make sense of the world around it. Gestalt theory is based on the idea that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. In other words, the meaning of a stimulus is not simply the sum of its individual features, but rather the way in which those features are organized.
Gestalt theory has been applied to a variety of areas, including perception, cognition, and learning. In the area of learning, Gestalt theory emphasizes the importance of insight. Insight is a sudden realization of the solution to a problem. Gestalt psychologists believe that insight is a key factor in learning, and that it is often the result of a reorganization of the way in which information is perceived.
The other options are incorrect because they do not emphasize the importance of insight. Stimulus-response theory is a behaviorist theory that emphasizes the role of reinforcement in learning. Connectionist theory is a cognitive theory that emphasizes the role of neural networks in learning. Pragmatic theory is a social learning theory that emphasizes the role of social interaction in learning.
In conclusion, the correct answer is A. Gestalt. Gestalt theory is a theory of mind that emphasizes the importance of holistic processing and insight.