The correct answer is: a) High rainfall and hilly terrain.
Meghalaya is a state in northeastern India that is known for its numerous waterfalls. The state receives an average annual rainfall of over 12,000 mm, which is the highest in the world. This high rainfall, combined with the state’s hilly terrain, is the main reason for the formation of so many waterfalls in Meghalaya.
The waterfalls in Meghalaya are of various sizes and shapes. Some of the most famous waterfalls in the state include Nohkalikai Falls, which is the highest plunge waterfall in India, and Mawsynram Falls, which is the wettest place on Earth.
The waterfalls in Meghalaya are a popular tourist attraction. They are also an important source of water for the state’s population.
Here is a brief explanation of each option:
- Option a: High rainfall and hilly terrain. This is the correct answer. As mentioned above, Meghalaya receives an average annual rainfall of over 12,000 mm, which is the highest in the world. This high rainfall, combined with the state’s hilly terrain, is the main reason for the formation of so many waterfalls in Meghalaya.
- Option b: Melting glaciers. This is not the correct answer. Meghalaya is located in a tropical region, and there are no glaciers in the state.
- Option c: Tectonic shifts. This is not the correct answer. Tectonic shifts are not the main reason for the formation of waterfalls in Meghalaya.
- Option d: Coastal erosion. This is not the correct answer. Meghalaya is not a coastal state, and coastal erosion is not the main reason for the formation of waterfalls in the state.