Nuclear energy is generated by

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nuclear fission and its expression was proposed by Einstein.

nuclear fission and its expression was proposed by Rutherford.

nuclear fusion and its expression was proposed by Bohr.

nuclear fusion and its expression was proposed by Heisenberg.

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UPSC NDA-2 – 2021

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The correct option is A. Nuclear energy is typically generated through nuclear fission in power plants, and the fundamental principle linking mass and energy, which is the basis of energy release in both fission and fusion, is expressed by Einstein’s famous equation E=mc².

Nuclear power plants primarily utilize nuclear fission of heavy elements like Uranium or Plutonium to produce energy. While nuclear fusion is the source of energy in stars and a potential future energy source on Earth, current commercial nuclear power is based on fission. The relationship between the mass deficit and the energy released in nuclear reactions is described by Albert Einstein’s mass-energy equivalence principle, E=mc².

Nuclear fission is a nuclear reaction in which a heavy nucleus splits into lighter nuclei, releasing a large amount of energy. Nuclear fusion is a reaction in which light nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, also releasing energy. Rutherford is known for the discovery of the nucleus and the planetary model of the atom (later refined). Bohr developed a model of the atom explaining atomic spectra. Heisenberg is one of the pioneers of quantum mechanics, known for the uncertainty principle.

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