The correct answer is (a). Wengari Mathai.
The Nobel Peace Prize 2004 was awarded to Wangari Maathai “for her contribution to sustainable development, democracy and peace”. She was the first African woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Wangari Maathai was a Kenyan environmental and political activist who founded the Green Belt Movement, an environmental non-governmental organization focused on planting trees, environmental conservation, and women’s rights. She was also a member of the Kenyan Parliament and the first woman to be appointed Assistant Minister in the Kenyan government.
Maathai was born in Nyeri, Kenya, in 1940. She studied biology at the University of Nairobi and earned a doctorate in veterinary anatomy from the University of Munich. After returning to Kenya, she worked as a research scientist at the University of Nairobi.
In 1977, Maathai founded the Green Belt Movement. The Green Belt Movement planted over 30 million trees in Kenya to combat deforestation and soil erosion. The movement also worked to improve the lives of women by providing them with employment and training opportunities.
Maathai was a vocal critic of the Kenyan government’s environmental policies. She was arrested and imprisoned several times for her activism. In 2002, she was elected to the Kenyan Parliament.
Maathai was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004. She was the first African woman to win the prize. She died in 2011 at the age of 71.
The other options are incorrect.
(b) Jimmy Carter was the 39th President of the United States. He served from 1977 to 1981.
(c) Yasser Arafat was the Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) from 1969 to 2004. He was also the first President of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) from 1994 to 2004.
(d) Alfred Nobel was a Swedish chemist, engineer, inventor, and industrialist. He is best known for inventing dynamite and other explosives. He also founded the Nobel Prizes.