Nitrogen cycle is one of the most important microorganisms-mediated ch

Nitrogen cycle is one of the most important microorganisms-mediated chemical reactions in aquatic and soil environments. In this context consider the following statements :

  • 1. Nitrogen fixation is the process of oxidising NH₃ to NO₃⁻.
  • 2. Nitrification process causes reduction of NO₃ and NO₂⁻ to NO₂, followed by recycling of N₂ to the atmosphere.
  • 3. Denitrification converts molecular N₂ into a fixed form as an organic nitrogen.

How many of the statements given above is/are correct ?

1
2
3
None
This question was previously asked in
UPSC Geoscientist – 2024
Correct Answer: D
– Statement 1 is incorrect: Nitrogen fixation is the process where atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) is converted into ammonia (NH₃) or other nitrogenous compounds. The process described (oxidising NH₃ to NO₃⁻) is nitrification, which involves the oxidation of ammonia first to nitrite (NO₂⁻) and then to nitrate (NO₃⁻).
– Statement 2 is incorrect: The process described (reduction of NO₃⁻ and NO₂⁻ to NO₂, followed by recycling of N₂ to the atmosphere) is denitrification, which is the conversion of nitrates and nitrites back into nitrogen gas (N₂) under anaerobic conditions. Nitrification is the oxidation of ammonia compounds.
– Statement 3 is incorrect: Denitrification converts fixed nitrogen (like nitrates and nitrites) back into atmospheric molecular nitrogen (N₂). The process that converts molecular N₂ into a fixed form as organic nitrogen (via ammonia) is nitrogen fixation.
The nitrogen cycle is a complex biogeochemical cycle involving various microbial processes. The main processes are nitrogen fixation (N₂ to NH₃), nitrification (NH₃ to NO₂⁻ to NO₃⁻), assimilation (uptake of nitrogen by organisms), ammonification (organic nitrogen to NH₃), and denitrification (NO₃⁻ to N₂). Each process is crucial for the availability and cycling of nitrogen in ecosystems.