The correct answer is: A. Bakhtiyar Khalji.
Bakhtiyar Khalji was a Turkic general who invaded the Indian subcontinent in the 12th century. He is best known for his destruction of the Nalanda Mahavihara, a Buddhist monastery complex that was one of the most important centers of learning in the world at the time.
The Nalanda Mahavihara was founded in the 5th century CE and flourished for over 700 years. It was home to thousands of students and scholars from all over the world. The monastery complex was also a major center of Buddhist art and architecture.
In 1193 CE, Bakhtiyar Khalji led a raid on the Nalanda Mahavihara. He destroyed the monastery complex and killed many of the monks and scholars who lived there. The destruction of the Nalanda Mahavihara was a major blow to Buddhism in India.
The other options are incorrect:
- Qutb-ud-din-Aibak was a Turkic general who founded the Delhi Sultanate in 1206 CE. He is not known to have destroyed any Buddhist monasteries.
- Muhammad bin Tughlaq was the third Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate. He ruled from 1325 to 1351 CE. He is not known to have destroyed any Buddhist monasteries.
- Alauddin Khalji was the fifth Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate. He ruled from 1296 to 1316 CE. He is not known to have destroyed any Buddhist monasteries.