The correct answer is: d) All of the above
Nagaland experiences significant out-migration to neighboring states in the Northeast, major metropolitan cities in India, and other countries.
The main reasons for out-migration from Nagaland are economic opportunities, education, and security. Many Nagas migrate to neighboring states in the Northeast to find work in the tea gardens or in the construction industry. Others migrate to major metropolitan cities in India, such as Delhi, Mumbai, and Bangalore, to find better job opportunities. Still others migrate to other countries, such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia, in search of a better life.
Out-migration has had a significant impact on Nagaland. It has led to a shortage of skilled labor in the state, which has hampered economic development. It has also led to a brain drain, as many of the brightest Nagas have left the state. In addition, out-migration has contributed to social problems, such as family breakdown and alcoholism.
The Nagaland government has taken some steps to address the problem of out-migration. It has set up a number of programs to promote economic development in the state. It has also made it easier for Nagas to study abroad. However, more needs to be done to address the root causes of out-migration, such as poverty and lack of opportunity.