Multipliers will be lower with which one of the following?

Multipliers will be lower with which one of the following?

High marginal propensity to consume
Low marginal propensity to consume
High marginal propensity to invest
Low marginal propensity to save
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2018
The correct answer is B) Low marginal propensity to consume.
In the simple Keynesian model, the multiplier (k) is given by the formula k = 1 / (1 – MPC), where MPC is the Marginal Propensity to Consume. MPC is the proportion of an increase in income that is spent on consumption.
– If MPC is high, (1 – MPC) is low, and the multiplier (1 / (1 – MPC)) is high.
– If MPC is low, (1 – MPC) is high, and the multiplier (1 / (1 – MPC)) is low.
Therefore, multipliers will be lower with a low marginal propensity to consume.
The Marginal Propensity to Save (MPS) is the proportion of an increase in income that is saved. MPC + MPS = 1. So, the multiplier can also be written as k = 1 / MPS. A low MPC means a high MPS, and k = 1 / (high MPS) will be low. Conversely, a high MPC means a low MPS, and k = 1 / (low MPS) will be high.
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