Methanol is toxic because

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Methanol is toxic because

methanol coagulates the protoplasm
methanol gets oxidised to methanal in liver which coagulates the protoplasm
methanol gets oxidised to acetic acid in liver which coagulates the protoplasm
methanol gets oxidised to CO in liver which coagulates the protoplasm
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-1 – 2024
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Methanol is toxic because it is metabolized into highly toxic substances in the body.
In the liver, methanol is oxidized by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase primarily into formaldehyde, which is also known as methanal. Formaldehyde is a potent toxin that can damage tissues, including causing the denaturation and coagulation of proteins, which is akin to coagulating protoplasm. Formaldehyde is further oxidized to formic acid, which contributes to metabolic acidosis.
The accumulation of formaldehyde and formic acid leads to the severe symptoms of methanol poisoning, including visual impairment (blindness), neurological damage, and potentially death.

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