The correct answer is D. All of the above.
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. A country scores higher if it performs better on these indicators.
The Happiness Index is a measure of the overall well-being of a country’s citizens. It is calculated based on a survey of people’s perceptions of their lives, including their levels of happiness, life satisfaction, and emotional well-being.
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of 17 goals that were adopted by the United Nations in 2015. The goals are designed to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. They include goals on poverty, hunger, health, education, gender equality, climate change, and more.
The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is a measure of poverty that goes beyond income. It measures poverty in terms of people’s deprivations in education, health, and living standards.
All of these indicators can be used to measure human development. They provide different perspectives on the well-being of people in different countries.