Match the following. List-I List-II a. Newman and Summer 1. Organising, planning and controlling b. Henry Fayol 2. Planning, organising, commanding, coordinating and controlling c. Luther Gullick 3. Planning, organising, staffing, directing and controlling d. Koontz and O’ Donnell 4. PODSCORB

The correct answer is: D. a-1, b-2, c-4, d-3

• Newman and Summer are the authors of the book “The Process of Management”, in which they identify the four basic functions of management as planning, organizing, staffing, and directing.
• Henry Fayol was a French mining engineer and business executive who is considered one of the founders of modern management theory. He identified 14 principles of management, including planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling.
• Luther Gullick was an American public administrator who is credited with developing the POSDCORB acronym, which stands for Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing, Coordinating, Reporting, and Budgeting.
• Koontz and O’Donnell were two American management theorists who wrote several influential books on management, including “Principles of Management” and “Management: A Systems and Behavioral Approach”. They identified the four basic functions of management as planning, organizing, staffing, and directing.

The following is a brief explanation of each of the four basic functions of management:

• Planning: This involves setting goals and objectives, developing strategies to achieve those goals, and making decisions about how to allocate resources.
• Organizing: This involves creating a structure for the organization, defining roles and responsibilities, and establishing systems and procedures.
• Staffing: This involves recruiting, hiring, and training employees.
• Directing: This involves motivating and leading employees, providing feedback, and resolving conflicts.

The four basic functions of management are interrelated and essential for the success of any organization.