The correct answer is: A. a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4
A homogeneous product is a product that is indistinguishable from other products in the same market. This means that consumers do not care about the specific brand or supplier of the product, as long as it meets their needs. Perfect competition is a market structure in which there are many buyers and sellers of a homogeneous product, and there are no barriers to entry or exit. This means that firms in a perfectly competitive market have no control over price, and they must accept the market price in order to sell their products.
A barrier to entry is a factor that makes it difficult or expensive for new firms to enter a market. Barriers to entry can be natural, such as economies of scale, or they can be created by government policies, such as licensing requirements. A monopoly is a market structure in which there is only one seller of a good or service. A monopoly has a great deal of market power, and it can charge a higher price than would be possible in a competitive market.
A differentiated product is a product that is perceived by consumers to be different from other products in the same market. This difference can be based on the product’s features, quality, or brand name. Monopolistic competition is a market structure in which there are many buyers and sellers of differentiated products, and there are no barriers to entry or exit. This means that firms in a monopolistically competitive market have some control over price, but they must compete with other firms to attract customers.
In conclusion, the correct answer is: A. a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4.