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Lowering the atmospheric pressure on a liquid

June 1, 2025 by rawan239

Lowering the atmospheric pressure on a liquid

increases the boiling point of the liquid

lowers the boiling point of the liquid

does not affect the boiling point of the liquid

increases the time required for it to boil

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2018

Download PDF Attempt Online

The correct answer is B) lowers the boiling point of the liquid.

Boiling point is defined as the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the surrounding atmospheric pressure. When the atmospheric pressure is lowered, the liquid needs to reach a lower vapor pressure to start boiling. Since vapor pressure increases with temperature, a lower required vapor pressure is achieved at a lower temperature. Therefore, lowering the atmospheric pressure on a liquid lowers its boiling point.

This principle is why water boils at a lower temperature at high altitudes (where atmospheric pressure is lower) than at sea level. For example, water boils at 100°C at standard atmospheric pressure (1 atm), but at approximately 93°C in Denver, Colorado (altitude ~1600m), and even lower on top of Mount Everest. Conversely, increasing the pressure (e.g., in a pressure cooker) increases the boiling point of water, allowing food to cook faster.

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