The correct answer is D. All of the above.
Liver flukes are a type of parasitic flatworm that can infect the liver of sheep, goats, and cattle. They are transmitted to animals by eating contaminated food or water, and can cause a variety of health problems, including liver damage, anemia, and weight loss.
There are several different species of liver flukes that can infect livestock, and each species has its own unique life cycle. However, all liver flukes share some common features. They all have a flattened body with a sucker on each end, and they all live in the bile ducts of the liver.
Liver flukes can cause a variety of health problems in livestock. They can damage the liver, leading to inflammation and fibrosis. They can also cause anemia, as they feed on red blood cells. In severe cases, liver fluke infection can lead to death.
There are several different ways to control liver fluke infection in livestock. One way is to use medication to kill the parasites. Another way is to prevent animals from coming into contact with contaminated food or water. Finally, it is important to practice good sanitation to prevent the spread of infection.
If you are concerned that your livestock may be infected with liver flukes, you should consult with a veterinarian. They can test your animals for infection and recommend the best course of treatment.