Laterite soils, often found in hilly regions, are characterized by:

The correct answer is: b) Low fertility.

Laterite soils are formed in tropical and subtropical regions with high rainfall and intense weathering. They are characterized by their low fertility, reddish color, and high iron and aluminum content. Laterite soils are not good for paddy cultivation because they have poor drainage and are prone to waterlogging.

Here is a brief explanation of each option:

• a) High water-holding capacity. Laterite soils do not have a high water-holding capacity. In fact, they are quite porous and have poor drainage. This makes them prone to waterlogging and erosion.
• b) Low fertility. Laterite soils are low in fertility because they are leached of nutrients by the heavy rainfall. They also have a high pH, which makes it difficult for plants to absorb nutrients.
• c) Reddish color. Laterite soils are reddish in color because they are rich in iron oxide. The iron oxide is released from the rocks and minerals as they are weathered.
• d) Good for paddy cultivation. Laterite soils are not good for paddy cultivation because they have poor drainage and are prone to waterlogging. Paddy cultivation requires well-drained soils.