The correct answer is: d) All of the above.
Large-scale migration to urban areas in Tamil Nadu puts pressure on housing, basic services like water and sanitation, and transport infrastructure.
Housing: The influx of migrants into urban areas puts a strain on the housing market, as there is not enough housing to accommodate everyone. This can lead to an increase in the cost of housing, as well as overcrowding and poor living conditions.
Basic services: The influx of migrants also puts a strain on basic services like water and sanitation. As more people move into an area, the demand for these services increases. This can lead to shortages of water and sanitation, as well as poor quality services.
Transport infrastructure: The influx of migrants also puts a strain on transport infrastructure. As more people move into an area, the demand for transportation increases. This can lead to traffic congestion, as well as poor quality public transportation.
In addition to these three areas, large-scale migration to urban areas can also put pressure on other resources, such as employment, education, and healthcare.