Large Hadron Collider was in news recently for doing some scientific r

Large Hadron Collider was in news recently for doing some scientific research to prove the presence of an elementary particle. The scientist who predicted this particle in 1964 has been awarded Nobel Prize in 2013. What is this discovery ?

Particles known as quarks having mass
Origin of Universe timings
Bigg's Bosons or God Particles explaining why fundamental particles have mass
None of the above
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2014
The question describes the search and discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, which was heavily in the news, leading to the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to François Englert and Peter Higgs who had theorized its existence in 1964.
The Higgs boson is an elementary particle associated with the Higgs field. This field is thought to be present throughout the universe, and interactions with it give other fundamental particles (like quarks and leptons) their mass. It is often popularly referred to as the “God particle”.
– Quarks are fundamental particles that are components of protons and neutrons; they do have mass, but the Higgs mechanism explains *why* they have mass, not just that they do.
– The origin of the universe timings is related to cosmology and the Big Bang theory, not the Higgs boson discovery.
– The LHC is the world’s largest and most powerful particle accelerator, used to collide beams of protons or heavy ions at high energies to study fundamental particles and forces.