The correct answer is: B. Partially Observable
Knowledge and reasoning play a crucial role in dealing with partially observable environments because the agent cannot directly observe the state of the environment. In these environments, the agent must use its knowledge of the environment and its reasoning capabilities to infer the state of the environment from the observations it receives.
In a completely observable environment, the agent can directly observe the state of the environment. This means that the agent does not need to use its knowledge or reasoning capabilities to infer the state of the environment.
In a neither completely nor partially observable environment, the agent cannot directly observe the state of the environment, but it also does not have any knowledge of the environment. This means that the agent cannot use its knowledge or reasoning capabilities to infer the state of the environment.
Only in a partially observable environment does the agent need to use its knowledge and reasoning capabilities to infer the state of the environment.
Here are some examples of partially observable environments:
- A game of chess: The agent cannot directly observe the opponent’s pieces, so it must use its knowledge of the game and its reasoning capabilities to infer the opponent’s moves.
- A self-driving car: The car cannot directly observe the state of the road ahead, so it must use its knowledge of the environment and its reasoning capabilities to infer the state of the road.
- A robot in a factory: The robot cannot directly observe the state of the factory, so it must use its knowledge of the factory and its reasoning capabilities to infer the state of the factory.