The correct answer is: a) Floods.
Kerala is a state in India that is prone to floods. The state has a long coastline and is located in a tropical region, which makes it vulnerable to heavy rains and flooding. In recent years, Kerala has experienced several major floods, including the floods of 2018 and 2019. These floods caused widespread damage and displacement, and claimed the lives of hundreds of people.
The main causes of floods in Kerala are heavy rains, high tides, and deforestation. Heavy rains can cause rivers to overflow their banks, leading to flooding in low-lying areas. High tides can also cause flooding, as they can push water up rivers and into coastal areas. Deforestation can also contribute to flooding, as it removes trees that help to absorb rainwater and prevent soil erosion.
The effects of floods in Kerala can be devastating. Floods can damage homes and businesses, destroy crops, and disrupt transportation. They can also cause landslides and erosion, which can further damage infrastructure and property. Floods can also lead to the spread of disease, as they can contaminate water supplies and make it difficult to access healthcare.
The government of Kerala has taken steps to mitigate the risk of floods, including building dams and reservoirs, improving drainage systems, and planting trees. However, more needs to be done to protect the state from the devastating effects of floods.
The other options are:
b) Earthquakes: Kerala is not prone to earthquakes. The state is located in a seismically stable region, and there is no history of major earthquakes in Kerala.
c) Droughts: Kerala is prone to droughts. The state has a long dry season, and droughts can occur if there is not enough rainfall. Droughts can cause crop failures, water shortages, and wildfires.
d) Avalanches: Kerala is not prone to avalanches. The state does not have any mountains high enough to support avalanches.