Kerala has achieved significant reduction in:

The correct answer is D) All of the above.

Kerala has achieved significant reduction in infant mortality rate, maternal mortality rate, and communicable diseases.

• Infant mortality rate is the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births. In 1990, the infant mortality rate in Kerala was 12.9. By 2015, it had declined to 6.6. This is a significant reduction of 50%.
• Maternal mortality rate is the number of deaths of women due to pregnancy-related causes per 100,000 live births. In 1990, the maternal mortality rate in Kerala was 130. By 2015, it had declined to 60. This is a significant reduction of 54%.
• Communicable diseases are diseases that are spread from person to person through contact with infected people or animals, or through contact with contaminated objects or food. In Kerala, the prevalence of communicable diseases has declined significantly in recent years. For example, the prevalence of tuberculosis has declined from 100 per 100,000 people in 1990 to 20 per 100,000 people in 2015.

There are a number of factors that have contributed to Kerala’s success in reducing infant mortality rate, maternal mortality rate, and communicable diseases. These include:

• A strong public health system that provides access to quality healthcare for all citizens.
• A high level of education and literacy among women.
• A strong social safety net that provides support to families with children.
• A focus on preventive care and early detection of diseases.

Kerala’s success in reducing infant mortality rate, maternal mortality rate, and communicable diseases is a testament to the state’s commitment to providing quality healthcare for all citizens.