The correct answer is: A) Industrial clusters.
Karnataka’s Industrial Policy emphasizes the development of industrial clusters. Industrial clusters are geographic concentrations of interconnected companies, suppliers, service providers, firms in related industries, and associated institutions in a particular field. They are important because they can help to promote innovation, productivity, and economic growth.
Centralized industrial zones are areas that have been designated by the government for industrial development. They are often located near transportation hubs and have access to infrastructure such as water, electricity, and telecommunications. However, they can be expensive to develop and operate, and they may not be as well-suited for small and medium-sized enterprises.
Mega-scale industries are large, capital-intensive industries that require a significant amount of land and resources. They can be important for economic growth, but they can also have a negative impact on the environment and local communities.
Cottage industries are small, labor-intensive industries that typically produce goods for local markets. They are often important for employment generation and poverty reduction, but they can also be vulnerable to competition from larger, more efficient firms.