The correct answer is A) Tropical Monsoon.
Karnataka experiences a tropical monsoon climate, which is characterized by hot, humid summers and warm, dry winters. The monsoon rains are caused by the seasonal shift in the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), which is a band of low pressure that lies near the equator. During the summer, the ITCZ moves northward, bringing with it moisture-laden air from the Indian Ocean. This moisture falls as rain on the western coast of India, including Karnataka. The monsoon rains are essential for agriculture in the region, as they provide the water needed to grow crops.
Arid climates are characterized by low rainfall and high evaporation rates. These climates are found in deserts and semi-deserts around the world. Arid climates can be found in many parts of India, including the Thar Desert in the northwestern part of the country.
Temperate climates are characterized by moderate temperatures and rainfall. These climates are found in many parts of the world, including Europe, North America, and East Asia. Temperate climates are also found in some parts of India, such as the Western Ghats and the Himalayas.
Mediterranean climates are characterized by warm, dry summers and cool, wet winters. These climates are found in the Mediterranean region, as well as in some parts of California, Chile, and South Africa. Mediterranean climates are not found in India.