Joule-Thomson process is extremely useful and economical for attaining

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Joule-Thomson process is extremely useful and economical for attaining low temperature. The process can be categorized as

isobaric process
isoenthalpic process
adiabatic process
isochoric process
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2017
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The Joule-Thomson process (also known as the Joule-Kelvin effect) is an isoenthalpic process, meaning that the enthalpy of the gas or liquid remains constant during the expansion through a valve or porous plug.
In the Joule-Thomson process, a temperature change occurs when a real gas or liquid expands or is compressed adiabatically while flowing through a valve or throttling device. The process is performed at constant enthalpy.
For most gases (except hydrogen and helium at room temperature), the Joule-Thomson effect causes cooling upon expansion from high to low pressure, provided the initial temperature is below the gas’s inversion temperature. This effect is crucial in refrigeration, air conditioning, and the liquefaction of gases.

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