Joint Forest Management (JFM) involves:

The correct answer is: A) Community participation in forest management.

Joint Forest Management (JFM) is a participatory forest management approach that involves local communities in the management of forests. JFM is based on the principle of shared responsibility and benefits between the government and local communities.

JFM has been implemented in many countries around the world, and has been shown to be effective in improving forest management and livelihoods. JFM has also been shown to be a cost-effective way to manage forests.

Here is a brief explanation of each option:

• Option B: Privatization of forests is the transfer of ownership of forests from the government to private individuals or companies. Privatization of forests can lead to deforestation, as private owners may be more interested in extracting timber than in managing forests sustainably.
• Option C: Clear-cutting of forests is the practice of cutting
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