In which one of the following cases is it mandatory for the appropriat

In which one of the following cases is it mandatory for the appropriate Government to make reference of an industrial dispute for adjudication/settlement to the Industrial Tribunal/Labour Court/Arbitration ?

A dispute regarding compensatory allowance in respect of 50 workmen
A dispute relating to rules of discipline in the organization employing 100 workmen
An industrial dispute involving any question of national importance
An industrial dispute in a municipality
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2018
The correct option is D) An industrial dispute in a municipality.
– Under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, the appropriate Government has discretion to refer an industrial dispute for adjudication (Section 10(1)).
– However, the proviso to Section 10(1) mandates the government to make a reference (“shall”) if the dispute relates to a public utility service and a notice under Section 22 has been given.
– A municipality is often listed as a public utility service in Schedule I of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (e.g., services relating to sanitation, water supply).
– While the option doesn’t explicitly state that notice under Section 22 was given, among the given options, a dispute in a municipality is the only one that involves a public utility service, which is the condition that triggers mandatory reference *if* the other condition (notice) is met. The other options describe types or sizes of disputes that do not automatically mandate reference.
– Disputes regarding allowances, discipline rules, or involving a certain number of workmen (A and B) do not, by themselves, make reference mandatory.
– Disputes of national importance (C) can be referred to a National Tribunal, but the reference is discretionary (“may”), not mandatory (“shall”), based solely on national importance.
– Therefore, a dispute in a municipality (a public utility service) is the scenario where mandatory reference is potentially applicable, assuming the required procedural conditions (like notice) are fulfilled.