In which one of the following buildings the first extant true arch is

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In which one of the following buildings the first extant true arch is found ?

Arhai din ka Jhonpra
Quwwat ul Islam Mosque
Tomb of Sultan Balban
Alai Darwaza
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2017
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The Tomb of Sultan Balban (completed around 1287 AD) in Delhi is considered to contain the earliest known examples of true arches in Indo-Islamic architecture that are still standing. While earlier structures used corbelling techniques, Balban’s tomb featured rudimentary true arches.
True arches, unlike corbelled arches, distribute weight sideways to the piers or abutments, allowing for wider spans and greater structural stability. Their introduction marked a significant architectural development.
The Quwwat ul Islam Mosque (late 12th century) and the Arhai din ka Jhonpra (late 12th century) primarily utilized corbelled arches. The Alai Darwaza (built by Alauddin Khalji in the early 14th century) is a later structure that showcases perfected true arches and a dome, representing a mature phase of Delhi Sultanate architecture.

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